What is a problem in administering gene therapy?

Among the possible dangers are:

1. An unintended immune response may transpire, which in extreme circumstances leads to organ failure; 2) The vector may infect not only the targeted cells but also untargeted cells; 3) Viral vectors carry the risk of toxicity, inflammatory response, and problems with gene control and targeting; 4) The possibility of tumor formation may arise if the new genes are inserted into the wrong spot in the DNA; 5) Variations in multiple genes affect some common disorders, which frequently complicate Gene therapy.

A vector is a carrier that carries a gene; a gene cannot be inserted into cells directly.

One problem in administering gene therapy is the potential for unintended consequences, such as off-target effects where the inserted gene disrupts the functioning of other genes or causes harmful side effects.