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How many black dwarf stars are there estimated to be?

Answer 1

None.

A black dwarf is a white dwarf that has cooled to the point where it is emitting no significant tradition (heat or light). If we say that #5000#K is cool enough then it will take about #10^15# years for a white dwarf to cool enough.

The universe has only been around for about #1.37*10^10# years. So no white dwarf has had enough time to cool enough.

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Answer 2

Levi Alexander

Since the universe hasn't existed long enough for any white dwarf to cool down and turn into a black dwarf, there are currently no known black dwarf stars. But, it's predicted that at some point in the far future, after all of the current stars have used up all of their nuclear fuel and cooled down, white dwarfs will eventually turn into black dwarfs.

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Answer 3

Asher Cohen

As of my last update in January 2022, there are currently no observed black dwarf stars in the universe. Black dwarfs are theoretical end-states of white dwarf stars, but the universe is not old enough for any white dwarfs to have cooled sufficiently to become black dwarfs. Therefore, there are no estimated numbers of black dwarf stars.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.