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What causes the fundamental forces?

Answer 1

Three of the four fundamental forces are caused by particles.

The photon acts as a mediator for the electromagnetic force, which can be understood as the exchange of photons.

The weak nuclear force is mediated by the W and Z bosons. Radioactive beta decay converts a neutron into a proton by emitting a #W^-# particle which then decays into an electron and an electron antineutrino.

According to the electro-weak theory, the two forces have united and the photon and Z boson are interchangeable at high energies.

The gluon is the mediating particle and the strong nuclear force is a byproduct of the colour force that binds quarks together.

The goal of physicists is to combine the electroweak and color forces.

Contrary to this, gravity is not a force; rather, it is the result of spacetime's curvature, which is caused by mass, energy, and momentum and which dictates the motion of matter.

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Answer 2

Luke Allen

The fundamental forces arise from interactions between elementary particles mediated by force-carrying particles. The electromagnetic force is caused by the exchange of photons between charged particles. The strong nuclear force is due to gluon exchange between quarks. Weak nuclear force results from W and Z boson exchanges in processes involving neutrinos and other particles. Gravity is attributed to the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.