How does temperature affect the cell membrane?

The cell membrane is frequently portrayed as a fluid mosaic model consisting of embedded proteins in a bilayer of phospholipids.

Phospholipids are members of the class of organic compounds known as lipids (which also includes waxes, oils, and fats). As you can see from animal fats such as butter, phospholipids absorb heat and become more "runny" and fluid than usual, losing their semi-permeability and even permitting substances that would normally be restricted to enter. Conversely, when phospholipids cool down, they become more rigid, limiting the movement of cells and even preventing materials from passing through the cell membrane.

A bit more complicated, proteins are "destroyed" or denatured by temperature fluctuations. Denaturation is the process by which a protein loses its original secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure. To put it another way, when a protein loses its structure, its efficiency and function are also lost. This is bad for the cell membrane because the embedded proteins in it serve as both support and carriers of cell materials.

You can visit https://tutor.hix.ai for additional information.

I hope this is useful.

Temperature changes the fluidity of the cell membrane by making the phospholipid molecules move more quickly at higher temperatures. Conversely, at lower temperatures, the phospholipid molecules move more slowly, making the membrane more rigid. Extreme temperatures can also cause damage to the membrane's structure, which can result in denaturation of proteins and loss of membrane integrity.

Temperature affects the cell membrane by altering its fluidity and permeability. At higher temperatures, the cell membrane becomes more fluid, which can increase its permeability to certain molecules. Conversely, at lower temperatures, the cell membrane becomes more rigid, decreasing its permeability. Extreme temperatures can denature proteins in the membrane, disrupting its structure and function.