Brønsted–Lowry Acids and Bases

Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases are fundamental concepts in chemistry, providing a powerful framework for understanding reactions involving proton transfer. Unlike the Arrhenius theory, which defines acids as substances that dissociate to yield hydrogen ions (H⁺) in aqueous solutions, the Brønsted–Lowry definition expands the scope to include any species that donates a proton (H⁺) and any species that accepts a proton. This broader definition allows for a more comprehensive understanding of acid-base reactions, including those that occur in non-aqueous solvents. These concepts are essential in various fields of chemistry, from biochemistry to environmental science, highlighting their universal significance.

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