How does earth's orbit affect temperature?

The Earth orbits the Sun at approximately 1 Astronomical Unit (93 million miles or 150 million kilometers), and the energy that the Earth receives from the Sun is enough to maintain a tolerable temperature; if the Earth orbited closer to the Sun, temperatures would increase; however, the Earth's orbit is currently at an ideal distance from the Sun.

The seasons are primarily caused by variations in Earth's orbit, which also affects the angle at which sunlight strikes the Earth's surface. The seasons are caused by variations in Earth's distance from the Sun (perihelion), which results in slightly warmer temperatures, and in its distance from the Sun (aphelion), which results in slightly cooler temperatures. Additionally, seasonal temperature changes are caused by differences in the angle at which sunlight strikes different parts of the Earth's surface due to Earth's tilt.