Why would frameshift mutation have a larger impact than a substitution mutation on the organism in which the mutation occurred?

Answer 1

Frameshift mutations completely alter the entire protein sequence that occurs after the mutation, whereas a substitution only alters a single amino acid. See Below.

This is an example of a three-letter sentence that I found on Google: "Her cat can eat. You are not God. His car was old." This represents your codon sequence. A substitution mutation would be to change the I in His to a G.

His got messed up, but the rest of the sentence makes sense. If this were a mutation in a protein, and His was not too important (stem loop, valine to isoleucine, etc.), then everything might still work. "Hgs car was old. Her cat can eat. You are not God."

Here is a frameshift mutation that occurs when I totally remove I from His. Nevertheless, a frameshift mutation changes the frames of your codons (ribosome only reads 3 nucleotides, then 3 more...and on and on).

"Hsc arw aso ldH erc atc ane atY oua ren otG od...."

The incorrect tRNA was inserted inside the ribosome for each frameshifted codon, resulting in a useless protein that you might be able to piece together.

I hope that's useful.

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Answer 2

Frameshift mutations have a larger impact than substitution mutations because they alter the reading frame of the genetic code, leading to the translation of completely different amino acids downstream. This can result in the production of a non-functional or truncated protein, affecting the organism's phenotype more severely.

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Answer 3

Frameshift mutations have a larger impact than substitution mutations on the organism in which the mutation occurred because frameshift mutations alter the reading frame of the genetic code, causing a shift in the grouping of nucleotides. This shift can result in significant changes to the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein, often leading to the production of a non-functional or severely altered protein. In contrast, substitution mutations typically only affect a single nucleotide, leading to the replacement of one nucleotide with another. While substitution mutations can still cause changes in the amino acid sequence, they are generally less disruptive compared to frameshift mutations because they do not alter the entire reading frame of the gene. As a result, substitution mutations are more likely to produce a functional protein, albeit with potentially altered properties, whereas frameshift mutations often lead to more dramatic functional consequences, which can adversely impact the organism's phenotype.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

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