Why is there often more consumer biomass than producer biomass in aquatic ecosystems, compared to land ecosystems where there is more producer biomass?

The biomass produced by producers in certain ocean ecosystems is transported to other ecosystems by consumers.

The biomass from other ecosystems is transferred into the ocean ecosystems, as exemplified by the ocean floor where a large whale dies and sinks to the bottom. In this ecosystem, there are no producers, only consumers.

The ocean has large open sections where there are limited niches for producers, and it facilitates the easy movement of large amounts of biomass (big schools of fish, large organisms, whales, sharks, tuna, etc.) that create ecosystems that are primarily consumers.

The terrain makes it difficult for biomass to be transferred easily, and it offers more opportunities for producers to expand.

In aquatic ecosystems, primary producers, such as phytoplankton, algae, and aquatic plants, have faster growth rates due to favorable environmental conditions like abundant sunlight and nutrient availability. This leads to higher production of biomass. In contrast, on land, primary producers face limitations such as competition for sunlight, water, and nutrients, as well as seasonal changes, which result in lower biomass production compared to aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, aquatic ecosystems have a higher turnover rate due to predation and decomposition, which allows for more efficient transfer of energy from producers to consumers, leading to a higher consumer biomass relative to producer biomass.