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Which intermolecular forces in h2o make ice less dense than liquid water: hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole?

Answer 1

Hydrogen bonding make ice less dense than liquid water.

A block of most solids will sink in a liquid because most substances have a denser solid form than a liquid phase. However, when we talk about water, an anomaly of water occurs.

When the behavior of liquid water deviates significantly from that of other liquids, it is said to have anomalous properties. When frozen water or ice is compared to other solids, it exhibits anomalies.

Molecule #H_2O# looks very simple, but it has a highly complex character due to its intra-molecular hydrogen bonding.

Since ice is less dense than water, a block of ice floats in liquid water; water loses approximately 9% of its density when it freezes.

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Answer 2

Luna Chen

Hydrogen bonding in H2O makes ice less dense than liquid water.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.