Which constellation is positioned the closest to Earth?

The Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy, located roughly 25,000 light years away, is the nearest known galaxy.

The Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy is located at a distance of roughly 70,000 light years.

In our local neighborhood, there exist several other dwarf galaxies that extend up to approximately 250,000 light years in distance.

The Andromeda Galaxy, the nearest non-dwarf galaxy, is situated on a collision path with the Milky Way Galaxy and is approximately 2.53 million light years away!

Constellations are patterns of stars as seen from Earth's surface, not physical entities or groups of stars physically close to each other in space; therefore, no constellation is closer or farther from Earth in a direct sense because constellations consist of stars and other celestial objects that are at vastly different distances from Earth.