When matter is transformed from the liquid state to the gas state, what happens to the distance and attraction between particles?

Question

Avery Adams · Accepted Answer

The distance between the particles increase tremendously the attraction doesn't change.

One mole of any gas will occupy the molar volume of 22.4 liters of volume or 22400 ml of volume. As a liquid one mole of water occupies 18 ml of volume. As a gas at 22400 ml it increases its volume by 1244.4 times. The attraction of the particles between the water molecules stays the same regardless of the physical state of the water, solid, liquid or gas. The difference is the kinetic energy of the molecules. As a liquid the molecules do not have enough kinetic energy to break the intermolecular bonds that hold the molecules loosely together. As a gas the molecules have more kinetic energy and the attraction between the molecules is not strong enough to hold the molecules together at the higher levels of molecular motion due to the increased kinetic energy.

Serenity Allen · Answer

The distance between the particles increases greatly, and the attractive forces between the particles decreases.

Distances For example, 1 mol (18 g) of water occupies a volume of #"18 cm"^3#. The volume of the water increases by 1700 times when it is converted to steam at 1 atm and 100 °C. There is a significant increase in the distance between molecules. Appealing Factors The attractive forces are still electrical forces between charges whether they are in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state. The force of the attraction #F# is given by Coulomb's Law: #color(blue)(bar(ul(|color(white)(a/a) F = (kq_1q_2)/d^2color(white)(a/a)|)))" "# where #k# = a proportionality constant #q_1, q_2# = the charges #d# = the distance between them The square of the particle distance determines the attractive forces in an inverse manner. The attractive forces between particles in a gas are relatively weak because the particles are far apart in a gas compared to a liquid.

Owen Ambrose · Answer

undefined The attraction between particles decreases and the distance between them increases when matter changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state.