What physical and chemical properties are determined in atoms or molecules by NMR?

Question

Delilah Anderson · Accepted Answer

See this old answer and links.....

Protons or spin active nuclei that can be switched by symmetry or by a fast-moving process are said to be equivalent, and as a result, give rise to the same absorption in the NMR spectrum. NMR spectroscopy investigates molecular symmetry.

Maya Allen · Answer

undefined NMR spectroscopy determines the chemical environment, connectivity, and molecular structure of atoms or molecules. It provides information about molecular symmetry, magnetic environment, chemical bonding, and molecular motion. Additionally, NMR can reveal dynamic processes, such as molecular rotation and conformational changes.

Nicholas Antonuccio · Answer

undefined Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to determine various physical and chemical properties of atoms or molecules. Some of the properties that can be determined through NMR include:

1. Chemical Shift: This property reveals information about the local electronic environment of atoms within a molecule, allowing identification of different functional groups and chemical environments.

2. Spin-Spin Coupling: Also known as J-coupling, this property provides insights into the connectivity between neighboring atoms in a molecule, aiding in the determination of molecular structure and conformation.

3. Relaxation Times (T1 and T2): These parameters reflect the rates at which the nuclear spins return to equilibrium after excitation, providing information about molecular dynamics and interactions.

4. Scalar and Dipolar Couplings: These properties provide information about the spatial arrangement and distance between nuclei in a molecule, aiding in structural elucidation and conformational analysis.

5. Chemical Exchange: NMR spectroscopy can detect processes involving the exchange of atoms or groups between different chemical environments, providing insights into reaction kinetics and dynamic processes in solution.

Overall, NMR spectroscopy offers a wealth of information about the structure, dynamics, and interactions of atoms and molecules, making it a versatile tool in fields such as chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science.