What is the relationship between the termite, flagellates and bacteria that help the termite digest wood?

Symbiosis can be broadly classified into three types, one of which is a mutually beneficial relationship.

We refer to a relationship as parasitic when one party gains while the other suffers to differing degrees.

We refer to a relationship as commensalism when one party gains and the other is indifferent. It should be noted that some people would argue that this class doesn't actually exist because the indifferent party will always experience some sort of gain or disadvantage from the relationship.

The relationship between termites, flagellates, and bacteria involves a symbiotic interaction where flagellates and bacteria living in the termite's gut help digest wood by breaking down cellulose into simpler compounds that can be absorbed by the termite.

The relationship between termites, flagellates, and bacteria involves a symbiotic process. Termites consume wood as their primary food source, which is rich in cellulose, a complex carbohydrate that is difficult to digest. Termites rely on microorganisms, specifically flagellates and bacteria, living within their digestive system to break down cellulose into simpler molecules that they can absorb and utilize for energy. Flagellates and bacteria possess enzymes capable of breaking down cellulose, enabling termites to extract nutrients from wood effectively. In return, termites provide a suitable environment and a constant food source for these microorganisms, establishing a mutually beneficial relationship known as symbiosis.