What is the position of the sun, earth, and the moon during a full moon and during quarter phase?

Answer 1

During Full Moon, the Sun, Earth and Moon are disposed by this order forming an angle close to 180º.
During a quarter phase this angle is 90º.

The angle Sun, Earth, Moon is not precisely 180º because Earth and Moon do not move in exactly the same plane. If it were, we would experience a lunar eclipse once a month.

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Answer 2

Asher Cohen

Full Moon: Sun, Earth, and Moon align in a straight line with Earth in the middle. Quarter Phase: Sun, Earth, and Moon form a right angle with the Earth at the vertex.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.