What is meant by a stress on a reaction at equilibrium?
There are three 'Stress Factors' that affect the stability of an equilibrium:
1. Concentration Effects
2. Temperature Effects
3. Pressure-Volume Effects
Kinda long, but I had JPEGs in my files => Don't mind sharing.
A system (Reaction) at equilibrium is producing products as fast as it is producing reactants. This is known as the Law of Mass Action. That is ...
Rate of forward reaction = Rate of reverse reaction
When this condition exists, the reaction system is said to be in a 'stable' Dynamic Equilibrium'. While the concentrations of reactants and products appear to be constant, the chemical or physical process is still taking place.
To visualize this, think of the equilibrium process as being balanced on a See-Saw. Such as ...
Concept Check:
Consider the Rxn:
Stress Factor => Removing
Consider the Rxn:
Stress Factor => Adding
Stress Factor => removing
Consider Temperature Effects:
Concept Check:
Consider the reaction:
Stress Factor => Cooling rxn environment => product side is lighter => Rxn balance would tilt left => Rxn Shifts Right to establish new equilibrium.
Consider the reaction:
To increase decomposition => Stress Factor => Increase temperature around reaction environment => Rxn balance would tilt left => Rxn Shifts Right to establish new equilibrium.
Consider Pressure-Volume Effects:
]
Same Rxn but note => all gas phase components.
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When stress is applied to a reaction at equilibrium, it disrupts the balance between the reactants and products, causing the system to shift in order to relieve the stress and re-establish equilibrium. This stress can be in the form of changes in temperature, pressure, or concentration of reactants or products.
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When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.
When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.
When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.
When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.
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