What is DNA profiling and how does it work?

First, a sample of the subject's DNA is collected. Next, the sample is analyzed using one of the following methods to create the subject's DNA profile: 1) restriction fragment length polymorphism; 2) polymerase chain reaction; 3) short tandem repeats; or 4) amplified fragment length polymorphism.

These methods are frequently used to identify clear identities, like those of missing persons, or to ascertain genetic family relationships.

DNA profiling uses repeatetive sequences that are highly variable, in particular short tandem repeats, so variable that unrelated individuals are extremely unlikely to have the same sequences. The majority of DNA sequences are the same in every person, but enough variation exists that it is possible to distinguish one individual from another.

DNA profiling is a technique used to identify individuals by analyzing their unique DNA patterns. It involves extracting DNA, amplifying specific regions using PCR, and analyzing fragment sizes through techniques like gel electrophoresis or capillary electrophoresis. The resulting pattern, called a DNA profile, is compared for identification purposes.