What happens to the states of matter in the halogen group?

Answer 1

At normal temperatures, the halogen elements, #X_2#, represent gases, liquids, and solids as you go down the Group.

As we descend the Group, van der Waals interactions between molecules became greater (as the electron cloud becomes bigger and more polarizable); hence the transition gas to (a) liquid to solid. At room temperature and pressure, both fluorine and chlorine are diatomic gases. Bromine is a liquid (elemental liquids are rare; can you think of another one?) Iodine is a volatile solid. Astatine is a short-lived species, which is not normally handled.

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Answer 2

Caleb Adams

At room temperature, the elements of the halogen group are present in distinct states of matter: iodine is a solid, bromine is a liquid, and fluorine and chlorine are gases.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.