What effect does a black hole have on matter?

Answer 1

A black hole spaghettifies anything that crosses over it's event horizon, even light.

No matter how fast an object was traveling, it would appear to slow down and stop just outside of the event horizon; the object itself never stops moving really, and doesn't notice a change in speed, but an observer would see it slowly fade from existence as any light that was bouncing off of an object would not be able to escape the black hole. According to popular belief, a black hole does not pull anything in, but once something crosses its event horizon, it cannot ever come out of it.

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Answer 2

A black hole has an extremely powerful gravitational field which affects all matter near to it.

Black holes were first predicted when Karl Schwarzschild found the first exact solution to the field equations of Einstein's theory of General Relativity. The solution has a singularity at the Schwarzschild radius #r_s#.
#r_s = (2GM)/c^2#
Where #G# is the gravitational constant, #M# is the mass of the body and #c# is the speed of light.
If all of the mass of the body is contained in a radius less than #r_s#, then #r_s# defines an event horizon where the escape velocity is the speed of light.

The strong gravitational field will affect any matter approaching a black hole. Unlike what is commonly believed, material does not fall into a black hole; instead, it must have a trajectory that intersects the event horizon.

The precise nature of the processes that occur when matter approaches the event horizon is unknown. Einstein's field equations are composed of ten second order partial differential equations, all of which are extremely complex. The Schwartzschild solution reduces the field equations to three easily solved differential equations by making a number of assumptions, which become invalid near the event horizon and render the solution meaningless.

Quantum effects will also be significant close to the event horizon; since current general relativity and quantum mechanics are incompatible, new physics is required to fully explain black holes.

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Answer 3

Matter is drawn toward a black hole by its gravitational pull, which can be so strong that the matter is compressed and stretched until it reaches the event horizon of the black hole, beyond which neither light nor information can escape.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

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