What does the atomic number of an element tell us?

Answer 1

The number of massive, positively-charge nucular particles...

And thus it tells us the IDENTITY of the element by defining its atomic number.

And of course for the NEUTRAL atom, the atomic number is ALSO the number of electrons, that are conceived to orbit the nuclear core. Why so?

The nucleus also contains, neutrons, massive particles of ZERO electronic charge, but which engage with nuclear protons in the strong nuclear force, an attractive force, the which at impossibly short nuclear ranges, is STRONGER than the electrostatic force of repulsion, and binds atomic nuclei together...

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Answer 2

Naomi Aronson

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element is indicated by its atomic number.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.