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What are white dwarf stars and how do they form?

Answer 1

Leah Abbate

The stage in a star's life after a red giant

A star that has shed its outer layers and transitioned from a red giant to a white dwarf and finally a black dwarf

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Answer 2

Leah Abbate

White dwarf stars form through a process called stellar evolution, which involves the collapse of a star's core and the expulsion of its outer layers, usually in a planetary nebula. White dwarf stars are remnants of low to medium mass stars that have run out of nuclear fuel and collapsed under their own gravity. During the final stages of their evolution, these stars shed their outer layers, leaving behind a dense core made mostly of carbon and oxygen.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.