What are three examples of how the nebular theory explains some observed features of the present-day solar system?

The nebular disk's uniform rotation around the sun accounts for the planets' uniform rotational velocities.

Since the disk that formed the planets was a flat disk, it makes sense that all of the planets rotate around the same plane.

The rotational momentum causes the lighter material to be "thrown" further out to the outer planets, explaining why the four inner planets are composed of more dense material and the outer planets are composed of lighter materials like frozen gases.

However, the empirical evidence indicates that the sun only possesses 1% of the rotational momentum, contrary to the nebular theory's prediction that it should have 99% of the solar system's mass.

The comets seem to be much younger than what the nebular theory predicted, and they enter the solar system at an extreme angle that differs from the rest of the solar system.

Emanuel Kant, a philosopher rather than a scientist, proposed the nebular theory based more on philosophical arguments (material realism) than on empirical data.

1. Planetary orbits: The nebular theory explains that planets formed from a spinning disk of gas and dust, which flattened out due to gravity, resulting in planets orbiting in a relatively flat plane.
2. Planetary rotation: The nebular theory explains why most planets in the solar system rotate in the same direction as they orbit the Sun. This is because the initial rotation of the nebula from which the solar system formed was then conserved as the planets formed.
3. Planetary composition: The nebular theory explains why planets are composed of different materials, with inner planets being rocky and outer planets being gaseous.