What are the two posterior-pituitary hormones, What are their actions and sites of production?

Question

Landon Anderson · Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary serves as a site for the secretion of two neurohypophysial hormones vasopressin and oxytocin directly into the blood.

Vasopressin A preprohormone precursor that is synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in vesicles at the posterior pituitary is the source of vasopressin. Vasopressin's two main actions are to narrow blood vessels and help the body hold onto water. Vasopressin is a peptide hormone that acts to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys collecting ducts, which in turn increases the water permeability of the kidneys collecting duct and distal convoluted tubules. This hormone controls the body's water retention. It raises arterial blood pressure by raising peripheral vascular resistance. It is essential for maintaining homeostasis because it controls blood salt, glucose, and water levels. oxytocin The posterior pituitary releases oxytocin, which is produced by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. It is crucial for sexual reproduction, forming social bonds with others, and giving birth.

Grayson Anderson · Answer

undefined Both oxytocin and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) are posterior-pituitary hormones that are produced in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary for release into the bloodstream. Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding, while vasopressin regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine volume and increasing blood pressure.