What are the causes of mutation?

Question

Vivian Aronson · Accepted Answer

Mutations result from errors during DNA replication or other types of damage to DNA. Such DNA may then undergo error prone repair or cause an error during replication.

Exposure to certain chemicals or radiation can result in mutations, as these agents break down DNA. Chemicals that alter standard base pairing can produce mutations through the following three methods: 1) deaminating amino groups; 2) covalently altering a base; and 3) creating cross-links between DNA strands. DNA fragmentation, thymidine dimerization, and a change in the equilibrium of tautomeric forms of bases are among the effects of UV and X-ray radiation. Additionally, mobile genetic elements can cause mutations through the insertion or deletion of DNA segments. Due to the detrimental effects that mutations can have on genes, organisms have mechanisms like DNA repair to prevent or correct mutations by returning the mutual sequence to its original state. Mutations are involved in both normal and abnormal biological processes, including evolution, cancer, and the development of the immune system, including junctional diversity.

Cooper Alexander · Answer

undefined The causes of mutation include:
1. DNA replication errors
2. Exposure to mutagens, such as certain chemicals, radiation, or viruses
3. Environmental factors like UV radiation from the sun
4. Inherited mutations from parents
5. Spontaneous mutations due to natural processes within cells.