In 6.72 g of #"N"_2"H"_4#, how many...?

So, you know that one mole of hydrazine, #"N"_2"H"_4#, contains #6.022 * 10^(23)# molecules of hydrazine. However, you don't know how many moles you have in that #"6.72-g"# sample.

To figure that out, use hydrazine's molar mass, which tells you the mass of one mole of hydrazine molecules. Since hydrazine has a molar mass of #"32.045 g mol"^(-1)#, you can say that one mole of hydrazine will have a mass of #"32.045 g"#.

This means that your sample contains

#6.72color(red)(cancel(color(black)("g"))) * overbrace(("1 mole N"_2"H"_4)/(32.045color(red)(cancel(color(black)("g")))))^(color(brown)("molar mass of N"_2"H"_4)) = "0.2097 moles N"_2"H"_4#

Now that you how many moles you have, use Avogadro's number to find how many molecules you have

#0.2097color(red)(cancel(color(black)("moles"))) * overbrace((6.022 * 10^(23)"molecules")/(1color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mole")))))^(color(purple)("Avogadro's number")) = color(green)(|bar(ul(color(white)(a/a)1.26 * 10^(23)"molecules"color(white)(a/a)|)))#

Now, for part (b) you must find the number of nitrogen atoms, #"N"#, present in the sample. To do that, focus on one molecule of hydrazine. As you can tell from its chemical formula, this molecule will contain

• two atoms of nitrogen, #2 xx "N"#
• four atoms of hydrogen, #4 xx "H"#

  So, if you get #2# atoms of nitrogen for every molecule of hydrazine, you can say that the total number of nitrogen atoms will be

  #1.26 * 10^(23)color(red)(cancel(color(black)("molecules N"_2"H"_4))) * "2 atoms of N"/(1color(red)(cancel(color(black)("molecule N"_2"H"_4)))) = color(green)(|bar(ul(color(white)(a/a)2.52 * 10^(23)"atoms of N"color(white)(a/a)|)))#

  Finally, for part (c) you must find the total number of protons present in the sample. As you know, the number of protons present in the nucleus of a given atom is equal to that atom's atomic number.

  A quick look in the periodic table will reveal that nitrogen has an atomic number equal to #7#, which means that every atom of nitrogen contains #7# protons.

  Hydrogen has an atomic number equal to #1#, which means that every atom of hydrogen contains #1# proton in its nucleus.

  Now, you already know how many atoms of nitrogen you have in the sample. Use the same approach to find the number of atoms of hydrogen

  #1.26 * 10^(23)color(red)(cancel(color(black)("molecules N"_2"H"_4))) * "4 atoms of H"/(1color(red)(cancel(color(black)("molecule N"_2"H"_4)))) = 5.04 * 10^(23)"atoms of H"#

  This means that the total number of protons present in the sample will be

  #"no. of protons" = overbrace(7 xx 2.52 * 10^(23))^(color(blue)("coming from nitrogen")) + overbrace(1 xx 5.04 * 10^(23))^(color(red)("coming from hydrogen"))#

  #"no. of protons" = color(green)(|bar(ul(color(white)(a/a)2.27 * 10^(24)"protons"color(white)(a/a)|)))#

  The answers are rounded to three sig figs, the number of sig figs you have for the mass of hydrazine.