How is magma produced at a subduction zone?

Magma is produced at a subduction zone through the process of partial melting of the descending oceanic plate as it moves beneath the overriding continental or oceanic plate. The heat and pressure generated by the subduction process cause the rocks of the descending plate to melt partially, leading to the formation of magma. Additionally, the introduction of water from the hydrated minerals within the descending plate further lowers the melting point of the rock, facilitating magma generation.

Magma is produced at a subduction zone through the process of partial melting of the descending oceanic plate. As the oceanic plate sinks into the mantle beneath another tectonic plate, it undergoes increasing pressure and temperature. This heat and pressure cause the rocks in the descending plate to start melting partially, particularly those containing hydrated minerals like water-bearing minerals. This partial melting generates magma, which is less dense than the surrounding solid rock and consequently rises towards the Earth's surface. As magma ascends, it can eventually erupt as volcanic activity at the Earth's surface.