How has MRSA become resistant to antibiotics? How did antibiotics originally kill the bacteria?

Answer 1

By losing key proteins on the outside of the bacteria.

Researchers discovered that the bacteria had a mutation that resulted in the loss of the genetic information needed to produce these enzymes, which shielded the bacteria from the antibiotics. The gene katG, which codes for the production of enzymes, had been dropped from the chromosomes of the bacteria.

(The Beak of the Finch, Jonathan Weiner, page 260) "Apparently the cells had paid a price to defend themselves from the drug. They had made an evolutionary trade-off, giving up part of their own adaptive equipment for the sake of survival."

The mutation makes the bacteria less adaptable in a normal environment but makes the bacteria resistant to the antibiotics. The bacteria became more simple and less susceptible to the antibiotic by losing genetic information.

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Answer 2

MRSA has become resistant to antibiotics through various mechanisms, including changes in the bacteria's DNA, acquisition of resistance genes from other bacteria, and mutations that prevent antibiotics from effectively targeting the bacteria. Antibiotics originally killed bacteria by disrupting essential cellular processes, such as cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, or DNA replication.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

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