How does the nervous system function?

In broad terms, the nervous system provides the signals in a living organism for everything from autonomic systems (heartbeat, breathing, etc.) to sensory input (sight, touch, taste, hearing, smell) and feedback mechanisms (pain, reflexes) and intentional direction (muscles).

In specific terms it is the chemical and electrical interactions and sequences of synapses that relay the information. Other than the particular tissues or locations involved, we really don't know HOW the brain takes the multitudes of inputs and produces the final effects we experience - especially self-awareness!

The nervous system functions by receiving information through sensory receptors, transmitting this information through neurons, processing it in the brain and spinal cord, and sending out instructions to the muscles and glands through motor neurons. This process allows for coordination of bodily functions, movement, sensation, and response to the environment.