How does natural gas affect water?

Answer 1

Methane

Methane only dissolves in 0.4 milliliters of water for every 100 milliliters of water. Consequently, methane remains a gas in an environment where water is present in very small amounts.

As reported by the PennStateExtension (2016), "The prevalence of methane in water wells in Pennsylvania is not well defined. A 2011 Penn State study of 233 water wells throughout the Marcellus region of Pennsylvania found detectable methane concentrations in 24% of the water wells before drilling began at adjacent gas well sites."

"However, most dissolved methane concentrations were very low with only 2% of water wells containing dissolved methane above 10 mg/L and less than 1% were above 28 mg/L. A 2012 report from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) summarized dissolved methane results from 239 water wells throughout New York state and found detectable methane concentrations in 53% of the water wells prior to any drilling of unconventional gas wells. In this study, 9% exceeded 10 mg/L and 2% were above 28 mg/L."

Title Methane Gas and Its Removal from Wells in Pennsylvania (Series Water Facts 24 Code XH0010), PennState Extension (2016). Web address: https://tutor.hix.ai

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Answer 2

Natural gas can affect water in several ways. One primary concern is methane contamination of groundwater, which can occur due to leaking natural gas wells, pipelines, or storage facilities. Methane migration can result in flammable water or pose explosion risks in enclosed spaces. Additionally, drilling and extraction processes can lead to the release of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing (fracking), potentially contaminating groundwater with pollutants. Moreover, natural gas combustion for energy production releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change, which can indirectly impact water resources through altered precipitation patterns and sea level rise.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

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