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How does matter and energy cycle through ecosystems?

Answer 1

Daniel Arnold

By the food chain and decomposition. Although, energy flows in unidirection, not in cyclic way.

Though the food chain, the energy flows in unidirection. At each trophic level, some part of energy is dissipated. It is defined by 10 per cent law.
The matters such as nitrogen, phosphorus etc., flow in cyclic form from the source to the organism and back to the source by the death and decomposition of organic matters by the microorganisms. Thank you

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Answer 2

Lydia Adams

Matter cycles through ecosystems via biogeochemical processes, involving the movement of elements like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Energy flows through trophic levels in food chains, with primary producers converting sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which is then transferred through consumers and decomposers.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.