How do we know the universe is expanding and still accelerating?

Scientists have been able to determine that the universe is expanding because of the telescope observations made by Astronomer Edwin P. Hubble in 1929, which showed that the majority of galaxies outside of the local group are moving away from us and that this movement is occurring at the fastest rate. Therefore, the universe is not expanding, but rather, as the visible worlds move apart on the critical radius, which is the nuclear radius of gravitational force.

Edwin Hubble observed that most of the universe shows a red shift. The Doppler affect indicates that an increase in wavelength is caused by an object moving away from the observer. The redshift is an increase in wavelength that means that most of the universe is moving away from the observers on earth. The observation of the Doppler red shift showed that the universe was expanding outward from a central point of origin.

In 1997-1998 three studies of the supernovas disproved the hypothesis that expansion of the universe was slowing down and that the universe would recycle in a Big Crush and new Big Bang. Instead the empirical evidence was that the rate of the expansion of the universe was increasing.

The empirical evidence that the rate of the universe is increasing disproved the alternating universe theory. The concept of matter and energy being eternal and self existent are called into question by the evidence of an increasing rate of the expansion of the universe, discovered by the study of supernovas.

Redshift in the light spectra of distant galaxies indicates that the universe is expanding; observations from type Ia supernovae show that this expansion is accelerating.