How do solid particles in the atomsphere play apart in the water cycle?

In the event that water containing water vapour cools, there will be a moment when the air becomes over-saturated with vapour, meaning that the water vapour will want to condense into liquid water. This condensation will happen much more easily if there are small foreign particles present, such as dust. If the air were perfectly clean, water would not condense until well over the saturation point (also known as the "dew point").

Solid particles in the atmosphere, such as dust, salt, and pollen, serve as nuclei around which water vapor can condense to form clouds. These particles provide surfaces for water droplets to adhere to, facilitating the process of cloud formation. Additionally, when these water droplets coalesce and become heavy enough, they fall to the ground as precipitation, contributing to the water cycle.