How do proteins relate to dna?

Question

Ivy Acosta · Accepted Answer

DNA stores the instructions (genetic information) used to build proteins.

The central dogma (main teaching) of molecular biology is:

DNA -> RNA -> protein

DNA molecules are used as a template by an enzyme called RNA polymerase to build RNA molecules. This process is called transcription.

RNA molecules are read by cell structures called ribosomes to build proteins. This process is called translation.

Here is a video which summarizes how this happens.

Video from: Noel Pauller

There are other ways that proteins relate to DNA. For example, in your cells DNA is wound around proteins called histones.

Julian Aguilar · Answer

undefined DNA is the genetic material from which proteins are made; this genetic material is encoded in nucleotide sequences that are transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which functions as a template for protein synthesis during translation. Ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids into a specific order determined by the mRNA sequence, resulting in the formation of a protein. Thus, proteins are synthesized according to the instructions encoded in DNA. Furthermore, proteins can interact with DNA to regulate gene expression and carry out a number of cellular tasks, including transcriptional regulation, DNA replication, and DNA repair.