How do polarity and electronegativity relate?

When an element is more electronegative than another, it will draw more electrons to itself if it is bonded to that less electronegative atom. This unequal distribution of electrons results in more electrons on one side of the molecule, and since electrons are negatively charged, this creates a negative charge or "negative pole" on that side of the molecule. Conversely, the less electronegative atom would have fewer electrons now, so it would have less negative charge, which would result in more positive charge or "positive dipole."

Polarity in a chemical bond arises from differences in electronegativity between the atoms involved. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. The greater the difference in electronegativity between atoms in a bond, the more polar the bond becomes. Therefore, polarity and electronegativity are directly related, with higher electronegativity differences resulting in more polar bonds.