How do convection currents transfer heat in the atmosphere?

Temperature and volume are directly proportional according to Charles's Law; however, volume and pressure are inversely proportional according to Boyle's Law. In the case of convection, volume is not constant, meaning that an air mass close to the Earth's surface can expand when it gets heated. This happens because the Earth is heated unevenly during convection, allowing the warmer air to expand into the areas where it does not get as warm.

Since we just proved that the heated air can expand, we also know that when the volume rises, the air's internal pressure will decrease and it will begin to rise because of the warmer air, resulting in a vertical transfer of heat.

Most of the time, latent heat transfer occurs in conjunction with convection; if you have any questions, please let me know.

Convection currents transfer heat in the atmosphere by the movement of air masses due to differences in temperature and density. Warm air near the Earth's surface becomes less dense and rises, creating an area of low pressure. As it rises, it cools, becomes denser, and eventually sinks back down. This creates a cycle of rising warm air and sinking cool air, which transfers heat from the Earth's surface to higher altitudes. As a result, convection currents play a significant role in redistributing heat and moisture throughout the atmosphere, influencing weather patterns and climate.