Do living organisms defy the second law of thermodynamics?

According to the second law of thermodynamics, a closed system's entropy will always rise with time and never fall.

The idea is based on the observation that entropy increases with energy transfer from one form to another, and since the universe is the only known closed system, the law is applicable to the entire universe.

The energy input and output of human organisms are not directly related to the second law of thermodynamics because they are not closed systems.

The second law says that everything goes from order to disorder, that is an increase in entropy. Living things die when the disorder in the system of the living organisms increases to the point where the system can no longer function.

A living organism contains information in the DNA that allows the system to obtain energy from outside the system. This makes a living organism an open system. The energy from outside the system is used to overcome entropy, the spontaneous breakdown of organization within the cells and systems within the living organism.

Shannon's Laws of information show that information transfer is subject to the second law of thermodynamics. That is information is lost whenever information is transferred. Over time the information in the cell's and organism's DNA is damaged and lost. When the information is damaged to the point that the organism can not longer overcome the forces of entropy the organism dies.

All closed systems are subject to the second law of thermodynamics that everything goes from order to disorder. While living things have the informational capability to maintain an open system the living things are not subject to law of entropy.

No, living organisms do not defy the second law of thermodynamics. They maintain and increase order within their internal structures by consuming energy from their surroundings. This process aligns with the law's principles.