Given a #3.00*g# mass of sodium metal, what mass of chlorine gas is equivalent? What mass of sodium chloride could be made given this quantity?

Question

Given a #3.00*g# mass of sodium metal, what mass of chlorine gas is equivalent?  What mass of sodium chloride could be made given this quantity?

Serenity Allen · Accepted Answer

We assume a stoichiometric excess of chlorine gas......and we work out the mass of sodium chloride produced given 100% yield.

Additionally, a stoichiometric equation needs to be written. #Na(s) + 1/2Cl_2(g) rarr NaCl(s)# As stated, half an equivalent of (binculear) chlorine gas oxidizes sodium metal in this redox reaction. #"Moles of natrium"=(3.00*g)/(22.99*g*mol^-1)=0.131*mol# And thus we should get #0.131*mol# of salt.....i.e. #0.131*molxx58.44*g*mol^-1=7.63*g#.

Jose Ayala · Answer

undefined To determine the mass of chlorine gas equivalent to 3.00 g of sodium, we need to use the stoichiometry of the reaction between sodium and chlorine gas. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

$$ 2 \text{Na} + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow 2 \text{NaCl} $$

This equation shows that 2 moles of sodium react with 1 mole of chlorine gas to produce 2 moles of sodium chloride.

First, we calculate the molar mass of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl₂):

- Molar mass of Na: 22.99 g/mol
- Molar mass of Cl₂: 35.45 g/mol

Next, we calculate the number of moles of Na in 3.00 g:

$$ \text{Moles of Na} = \frac{\text{Mass of Na}}{\text{Molar mass of Na}} $$

Using the stoichiometry of the reaction, we find the moles of Cl₂ required:

$$ \text{Moles of Cl}_2 = \frac{\text{Moles of Na}}{2} $$

Finally, we calculate the mass of Cl₂ in grams:

$$ \text{Mass of Cl}_2 = \text{Moles of Cl}_2 \times \text{Molar mass of Cl}_2 $$

To determine the mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) that could be made from the reaction, we use the same stoichiometry:

$$ \text{Moles of NaCl} = \frac{\text{Moles of Na}}{2} $$

Then, we calculate the mass of NaCl in grams:

$$ \text{Mass of NaCl} = \text{Moles of NaCl} \times \text{Molar mass of NaCl} $$

The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol (22.99 g/mol for Na + 35.45 g/mol for Cl).