True or false? The maximum covalency in 2nd-period elements is #4#. Why is this true if fluorine can only make one bond?

Answer 1

Notice what the "rule" says: the maximum covalency of 2nd-period elements. It doesn't say for all elements in the 2nd period, but rather, when considering each element.

Carbon is the atom that can make four bonds at once, e.g. in #"CH"_4# and other hydrocarbons. Not fluorine.
On the other hand, #"Br"# and #"I"# can make more than four bonds, as they can pool in #(n-1)d# orbitals to form hypervalent compounds such as #"BrF"_5# and this beast (periodinane).
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Answer 2

True. While fluorine can only form one bond due to its high electronegativity, the maximum covalency in 2nd-period elements is 4 because it includes elements like carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine. These elements can form multiple bonds and exhibit a maximum covalency of 4 by utilizing their valence electrons in bonding.

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Answer from HIX Tutor

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

When evaluating a one-sided limit, you need to be careful when a quantity is approaching zero since its sign is different depending on which way it is approaching zero from. Let us look at some examples.

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