How do we rationalize atomic structure in terms of atomic number and electronic structure?

Question

Wyatt Adkins · Accepted Answer

Nucleus
They have same valency The atoms that make up the seventh group are the halogens, chlorine and fluorine.

Mateo Aguilar · Answer

The part labelled #X# is the nucleus..................of the atom

...........an atom is a fundamental particle that consists of a massive core, the nucleus, which itself consists of one or more massive particles. The number of such massive particles WITH A POSITIVE CHARGE gives #Z#, the atomic number, which defines the identity of the atom. Also contained in the nucleus are other massive particles called neutrons, with no net electrical charge. Short-range attractive interactions between the nuclear particles are responsible for the stability of the nucleus. Around the nucleus, one or more electrons, particles of near zero net mass, and negative electronic charge, are conceived to whizz around at radii which dwarf nuclear dimensions. In the NEUTRAL atom, there are necessarily equal numbers of electrons, and protons, i.e. the positively charged nuclear particles. So that's atomic physics all done in 2 paragraphs! Now onto your questions. #"X=the nucleus"# These two atoms belong in the same Group (the same column of the Periodic Table) because they have the same number of valence (i.e. outermost) electrons; 7 in each case. You should be able to tell me the name of the Group to which the atom belongs.

Serenity Allen · Answer

undefined The explanation of atomic structure in terms of atomic number and electronic structure is as follows: the number of protons in the nucleus is determined by the atomic number, which is the same as the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus in a neutral atom; the electrons are arranged in energy levels or shells around the nucleus, and each shell can hold a certain number of electrons based on rules like the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.